1 東洋大学Toyo University ◇ Tokyo, Japan
2 千葉県循環器病センターChiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center ◇ Chiba, Japan
3 東京情報大学Tokyo University of Information Sciences ◇ Chiba, Japan
背景：現在移行期支援が注目され，その課題のひとつに就業が挙げられる．就業は男女で状況が異なるが，日本において男女別に患者の就業状況を明らかにした研究はほとんどない．そこで本研究では成人先天性心疾患患者の就業状況とその状況に影響を及ぼす要因を男女別に検討する．
方法：先天性心疾患患者193名（平均年齢：男33.62歳・女32.69歳，男性89名：学生は除く）に，就業状況，社会的属性（婚姻状態，教育歴），疾患状況（疾患名，疾患重症度，手術回数など），就業支障評価，生活の質（QOL: Linear Analog Scale for quality of life），生活満足度（SWLS: Satisfaction with Life Scale）を問う質問紙調査を実施した．
結果：国勢調査による同世代の成人と比較して，男女とも未就業（男13名：14.6％，女13名：12.5％）が有意に多く（p＜0.01），さらに男性は常勤就業者が有意に少なかった（p＜0.01）．また未就業患者で「（疾患のため）仕事ができない」と回答したのは男女1名ずつで，多くの患者は就業可能と考えていた．未就業患者はQOL, SWLSともに有意に低く，未就業の背景要因としては，男性は年齢が若いこと，女性は疾患が重いことであった（それぞれp＜0.05）．
結論：患者は就業可能と考えているにもかかわらず未就業者が多く，疾患を起因として就業に不利益を被っていることが考えられる．さらにその状況にある患者は生活の質，満足感が低く，就業に課題を抱えている状態であることが明らかとなった．
Background: Working is one of the important concerns in transitional care for adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) because, apart from offering them financial autonomy, it also connects them with the society. Hence, this study aimed to explore the employment status of ACHD by sex and the factors influencing the employment status.
Methods: In this study, 193 Japanese ACHD patients (mean age: male 33.62 years/female 32.69 years, 89 males, no students included) completed the patients’ characteristics form, including the employment status and the degree of impact on their ability to work due to heart disease and also completed the quality of life (QOL) form, comprising the Linear Analog Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).
Results: In the study group, 13 (14.6％) of 89 male patients and 13 (12.5％) of 104 female patients did not have a job. These rates were higher than the national standard values in Japan (male, 5.0％; female, 2.9％). Among those patients, only one male and one female stated their illness as a reason for their unemployment. The main factor of males’ unemployment was young age, whereas for females, it was related to their disease complexity. Unemployed patients showed significantly lower scores in QOL and the SWLS.
Conclusion: Although most ACHD patients can join the workforce, a higher percentage of ACHD patients do not work and find it challenging to have a career than regular people. Therefore, as unemployed patients have a low QOL and SWLS, it is clear that work is crucial for them to have a mentally and emotionally stable and fulfilling life.
Key words: adult congenital heart disease; employment status; quality of life; transitional care
© 2019 特定非営利活動法人日本小児循環器学会© 2019 Japanese Society of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery
This page was created on 2019-02-22T14:29:16.033+09:00
This page was last modified on 2019-03-19T13:55:23.000+09:00
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