日本小児循環器学会雑誌 Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery

Pulmonary hypertension, cyanosis, and chromosomal abnormalities are the factors determining the severity of new-onset coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with congenital heart diseases. However, the correlation among functional single-ventricle hemodynamics, complex congenital heart disease, and COVID-19 severity still remains unclear. The present study retrospectively examined the clinical course of 10 COVID-19 patients with functional single-ventricle hemodynamics (five men; median age of 3 years; pulmonary hypertension, n=4; cyanosis, n=6; Down syndrome, n=1; and home respiratory management, n=5) who were admitted to the study center between January 1, 2020 and May 31, 2023. The COVID-19 severity was categorized into mild (n=3), moderate II (pneumonia requiring oxygen therapy; n=4), or severe (requiring intensive care unit admission or mechanical ventilation; n=3) using the classification specified by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. There were no fatalities. The complications included atrial tachycardia and plastic bronchitis. The clinical presentation of COVID-19 in this cohort varied from mild to severe, suggesting that COVID-19 may be a trigger for plastic bronchitis, following the Fontan procedure.