心臓大血管MRI（CMR）の最大の特徴は，非造影・無被曝・無侵襲である．経時的に繰り返しの撮影が可能であり，成長に伴いエコーでの観察が難しくなっていく小児循環器領域にとても適した検査と言える．CMRは様々な撮影法を包含するが，そのなかでも2D-Phase Contrast（PC）CMRは他のmodalityにはない「任意関心領域の血流量を計測する」という特異な機能を有している．本稿ではこの2D-PC CMRについて解説する．基本原理と撮影の実際を前半に，臨床応用について幅広く後半に記載した．今後のさらなる臨床応用を期待したい．
The cardinal feature of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is its non-contrast, non-radiative, and non-invasive nature. CMR facilitates repeated imaging over time, which is particularly suitable for pediatric cardiology patients because echocardiography becomes increasingly challenging with patient growth. Among its various imaging techniques, two dimensional (2D)-Phase Contrast (2D-PC) CMR possesses a unique function unavailable in other modalities: it can measure blood flow in any region of interest. This article provides a detailed exposition of 2D-PC CMR. We first discuss the fundamental principles and practical aspects of scanning and then extensively discuss its clinical applications. Additional clinical applications of 2D-PC CMR hold great promise.
Key words: CMR; 2D-Phase Contrast; blood flow; hemodynamics; congenital heart disease; shunt
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